In patient education, which practice reduces the risk of pressure ulcers?

• A. Avoiding hydration
• B. Regular repositioning and use of pressure-relieving surfaces
• C. Daily massage of intact skin
• D. Limiting nutrition

Answer: (B)

Prolonged pressure on skin over bony areas shifts to tissue ischemia and damage. The most effective prevention is to relieve that pressure regularly and use surfaces that spread the load. Regular repositioning changes where the weight presses on the skin, giving compressed tissues a chance to recover, while pressure-relieving surfaces—such as alternating-pressure mattresses or specialized cushions—minimize peak contact pressure and reduce shear. Together, these strategies directly address the mechanical forces that cause ulcers and are central to patient education on preventing them. Hydration and nutrition support skin health but aren’t sufficient by themselves to prevent ulcers, and routine skin massage isn’t a proven or recommended preventive measure.