Long-term pharmacologic management of hypoparathyroidism typically includes which therapy?

• A. Beta-blocker therapy
• B. Calcium supplementation and vitamin D
• C. High-dose insulin therapy
• D. Levothyroxine replacement

Answer: (B)

Long-term management of hypoparathyroidism focuses on replacing the calcium deficit and providing the activated vitamin D that PTH normally helps regulate. Calcium supplementation corrects low calcium levels, while active vitamin D (calcitriol) increases intestinal calcium absorption and helps keep serum calcium in a safe range when endogenous PTH is lacking. Regular monitoring of calcium, phosphate, and urinary calcium is important to avoid hypercalcemia and kidney complications. Other options listed don’t address this hormonal deficiency: beta-blockers are for adrenergic symptoms, high-dose insulin for diabetes, and levothyroxine for hypothyroidism.