Pituitary adenoma often presents with which symptom?

• A. Weight gain
• B. Vision changes
• C. Headaches
• D. Hormonal imbalances

Answer: (B)

The key concept is mass effect from a pituitary tumor compressing nearby structures, especially the optic chiasm. As the adenoma grows upward from the pituitary, it presses on the optic nerves where they cross, leading to visual field deficits—most classically bitemporal hemianopsia. That pattern of vision change is a hallmark because it directly reflects the tumor’s location near the optic apparatus. While headaches can occur and hormonal imbalances can happen with functional tumors, vision changes are the most characteristic presenting symptom, making them the best answer.